How Pepper Spray Works Chemical Engineering
On the principle of action of pepper spray
Pepper spray is a common self-defense device today. The reason for its action stems from the ingenuity of chemical engineering.
Pepper spray mainly contains capsaicin substances, which are the root of the spicy pepper. Capsaicin has a unique chemical structure and has a specific chemical activity. When pepper spray is sprayed, the capsaicin in it quickly disperses in the air.
Once in contact with the human body, the first to bear the brunt are the mucosal tissues such as the eyes, nose, mouth and respiratory tract. The mucosa of the eye is delicate and sensitive, and capsaicin molecules combine with specific receptors on the mucosa. This receptor is like a lock, and capsaicin is like a key to adaptation. When the two combine, a series of complex biochemical signals are triggered. The signal is quickly transmitted to the brain along the nerve fibers. The brain receives such strong stimulation signals and responds immediately, causing the lacrimal glands of the eyes to secrete a large amount of tears and try to initialize capsaicin. This is why people are affected by pepper spray. The eyes quickly shed tears, accompanied by a strong burning and tingling feeling, and the vision is also blurred, which seriously affects the visual function.
In the nose, capsaicin stimulates the nasal mucosa, causing swelling of the nasal mucosa, increased secretions, and poor breathing. Nerve endings in the nasal cavity are stimulated and transmitted to the brain, causing people to feel severe pain in the nasal cavity and constantly sneeze, trying to discharge the irritant.
As for the oral cavity and respiratory tract, capsaicin stimulates the taste buds and respiratory mucosa, causing a strong burning sensation, causing coughing and breathing difficulties. The respiratory mucosa swells, the airway narrows, and the gas exchange is blocked, which greatly affects the normal respiratory function.
From this perspective, pepper spray plays an important role in the field of self-defense and security through the ingenious relationship between chemical substances and human physiological reactions.
